Police and Government and Minority groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Police and Government and Minority groups - Essay Example There have been cases when the problems have become magnified due to the wrong measures employed in treating the minorities, especially when it comes to law and order in the depressed or disadvantaged areas in the cities. These are highlighted by instances of abuses and discriminatory actions committed by the police against the members of minority groups in the poorer sections. It must be pointed out though that â€Å"these inequalities are based on both race and class, and the injustices suffered by racial and ethnic minorities at the hands of the police are a result of both discrimination and the disproportionate representation of minorities among the poor† (Webster, 2007, p.100). By considering this fact, the government’s handling of the police and their treatment of minority groups on the aspect of peace and order would be more appropriate. The conflicts that often arise between the law enforcement authorities and the minorities in the depressed areas are actually n ot solely based on the prevalence of crime there. It may be true that it is in such areas indeed where crimes are committed and where perceived criminals are often hiding out. However, if only the aspect of peace and order is taken into consideration, the larger issues of urban blight, poverty, racial inequalities would be taken for granted. Naturally, the more comprehensive role of the government would also be set aside in favor of relentless and systematic anti-crime campaigns by the police. From the perspective of the minority groups, this does not solve the problem but would only worsen it. The communities would develop the feeling that they have been singled out by the police for two reasons; they are minorities and they are poor. Therefore, instead of policing their own ranks and keeping their communities safe for themselves, they would unite in their conflict with the police. Weitzer and Tuch point out that â€Å"race plays a major role in shaping citizens’ attitudes and experiences with the police in the United States and other multiracial societies† (2006, p.5). According to them also, â€Å"blacks are more inclined than whites to believe that the police abuse citizens, treat minorities more harshly than whites, and are not held accountable for misconduct.† Then again, it must be reiterated that race in this regard is actually secondary to class. It is evident that the police are not prone to abuses even against blacks or any racial minority who are part of the city’s affluent sections. Since the related issues of race and poverty are behind the poor relations between the police and the minority communities in depressed areas, it is only appropriate that the government itself should formulate and implement a more holistic approach. It must put the problem of crime in these areas in the proper social and cultural context. Crimes are naturally the products of extreme poverty and joblessness. These are two concerns that are ob viously beyond the responsibilities of the law enforcement authorities. The local government should deal with this by carrying out projects that would deal with the twin problems of poverty and unemployment. At the first few stages of implementing such projects, the members of the communities may no be very enthusiastic about it, suspecting that there may be

Cause and Effect Essay Example for Free

Cause and Effect Essay As more everyday task, such as applying for jobs, banking, shopping, and obtaining general information move into cyberspace, those without computer access are finding themselves segregated from the rest of the digital world. It can be argued that because of the technological demand on today’s society, literacy in technology has become an essential skill for success in today’s society. The basics of computing skills must be supplemented with a set of both cognitive and technical skills, in order to lead to a more universal participation in a technological reliant society. Schools are not sufficiently training teachers; and teachers are not adjusting the curriculum to meet the growing needs of advancing technologies. There is no prevailing standard for what constitutes as fluency and government officials have taken a sluggish approach to equip citizens with the skills and information needed to access government services; especially since governments and businesses move more of their information services exclusively online. Governmental leadership is lagging in bringing society into the information age. Many of the schools throughout the United States are so substandard that a major overhaul is required to provide students with an adequate education. The current policy, which provides computers and Spousta 2 other related hardware but not the necessary training for students and teachers, furthers the inefficient use of resources. The government’s use of technology to provide, exclusive, online services causes a major issue among society as well. In some instances people don’t have computer access and are therefore denied from receiving certain needed services or information. Because a significant amount of the nation’s population are not online, and because the government puts most of its online information in English, and because the information is presented at a twelfth-grade level; millions of residents are further marginalized from the benefits because they either don’t speak English nor have a high education level. As technology further advances and we drift deeper into the information age, the demand for technological literacy among the members of society will continue to increase. Along the way there will be many issues that will eventually need to be addressed as technology advances and government and businesses move more information and services online. Consideration must also be given to those people who are less fortunate and technologically illiterate, or have limited to no computer access.

Macbeth :: essays research papers

Blood Different imagery are seen through out the play one of the imagery is blood.In Macbeth by Wiiliam Shakespear in every scene the image of blood changes, it changes through remores, bravery, and guilt. The characters affected by all of this is Macbeth and Lady Macbeth since they are the ones with blood in their hands. The imagery of blood seens to effected all the characters in the play. One that is affected by all of this is Lady Macbeth, when she is found sleepwalkig and talking to herself after the murder of Duncan and Banquo, " Here the smell of blood still. All the perfume of Aradia will not sweeten this little hands"(5.1.53-55) Shakespear by use of blood makes Lady Macbeth goes crazy by the actions that she has done. Makes it obvious that being evil brings unhappiness and guilt of what she has done in the past. At the beginning Lady Macbeth starts all of this by asking the spirits to, "make thick my blood"(1.5.50) She asking them to make her remorseless and wrong for the actions that is about to do. She did not have the control over har own conscience since she has remorse and guilt over her actions, but it is all ready too late since she has gone crazy and paranoid of blood being on her hands. Macbeth in the other hand has not yet gone crazy, but at the beginning the captain said, " Which smoked with bloody exection"(1.2.20) Shakespear uses blood in a whole defferent way. This time the meaning of blood is of the brave fighter that Macbeth is with the bloody sword he has of his enemies in the battle he fought. This time is shown as a action in which has nothing to do with beginning evil but as a fighter of a country. Macbeth does not shows his true self to his wife and hides in his words he speaks of guilt. "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean for my hands?"(2.2.78-79) Macbeth wounders if he will ever forgive his own actions.At the banquet it is when Macbeth shows a little of his guilt of killing Banquo, since his ghost appears to him as a sign of guilt.Shakespear makes this imagery of blood as

Functional Requirements

1.Functional Requirements Functional requirements define the fundamental actions that system must perform.The functional requirements for the system are divided into three main categories, Reservation/Booking, Food, and Management. For further details, refer to the use cases. EXAMPLE 1.1. Reservation/Booking 1.1. The system shall record reservations. 1.2. The system shall record the customer's first name. 1.3. The system shall record the customer's last name. 1.4. The system shall record the number of occupants. 1.5. The system shall record the room number. 1.6. The system shall display the default room rate. 1.6.1. The system shall allow the default room rate to be changed. 1.6.2. The system shall require a comment to be entered, describing the reason for changing the default room rate. 1.7. The system shall record the customer's phone number. 1.8. The system shall display whether or not the room is guaranteed. 1.9. The system shall generate a unique confirmation number for each reservation. 1.10. The system shall automatically cancel non-guaranteed reservations if the customer has not provided their credit card number by 6:00 pm on the check-in date. EXAMPLE 22.Food 2.1. The system shall track all meals purchased in the hotel (restaurant and room service). 2.2. The system shall record payment and payment type for meals. 2.3. The system shall bill the current room if payment is not made at time of service.The system shall accept reservations for the restaurant and room service. EXAMPLE 33. Management 3.1. The system shall display the hotel occupancy for a specified period of time (days; including past, present, and future dates). 3.2. The system shall display projected occupancy for a period of time (days). 3.3. The system shall display room revenue for a specified period of time (days). 3.4. The system shall display food revenue for a specified period of time (days). 3.5. The system shall display an exception report, showing where default room and food prices have been overridden. 3.6. The system shall allow for the addition of information, regarding rooms, rates, menu items, prices, and user profiles. 3.7. The system shall allow for the deletion of information, regarding rooms, rates, menu items, prices, and user profiles. 3.8. The system shall allow for the modification of information, regarding rooms, rates, menu items, prices, and user profiles. 3.9. The system shall allow managers to assign user passwords. 2 Nonfunctional Requirements Functional requirements define the needs in terms of performance, logical database requirements, design constraints, standards compliance, reliability, availability, security, maintainability, and portability. EXAMPLE 1Performance Requirements Performance requirements define acceptable response times for system functionality.The load time for user interface screens shall take no longer than two seconds.The log in information shall be verified within five seconds.Queries shall return results within five seconds.Example Logical Database Requirements The logical database requirements include the retention of the following data elements. This list is not a complete list and is designed as a starting point for developmentBooking/Reservation SystemCustomer first nameCustomer last nameCustomer addressCustomer phone numberNumber of occupantsAssigned roomDefault room rateRate descriptionGuaranteed room (yes/no)Credit card numberConfirmation numberAutomatic cancellation dateExpected check-in dateExpected check-in timeActual check-in dateActual check-in timeExpected check-out dateExpected check-out timeActual check-out dateActual check-out timeCustomer feedbackPayment received (yes/no)Payment typeTotal BillFood ServicesMealMeal typeMeal itemMeal orderMeal payment (Bill to room/Credit/Check/Cash)EXAMPLE 3Design Constraints The Hotel Management System shall be a stand-alone system running in a Windows environment. The system shall be developed using Java and an Access or Oracle database3. Illustrate a timeframe needed to complete each task based on the requirements from question 2.(5 Marks)Answer Estimating time framesTo manage your time well, you should know not only what tasks you need to accomplish, but also when those tasks must be completed and how long they'll take. Making accurate estimates about how long a task will take is one of the keys to effective time management. Many management problems are the result of unrealistic estimates of how long it will take to complete specific tasks.If you estimate time frames accurately, you'll be able to schedule work efficiently and meet deadlines:†¢ schedule work efficiently – Accurate estimates about how long tasks will take to complete make scheduling a lot easier. They ensure that you won't have to keep changing your schedule. If you have a task that you accurately estimate will take six hours, for example, you can allot that time in your schedule and be reasonably confident you won't have to change the schedule. But what if you didn't accurately estimate the time for that task and allotted it only three hours? It would throw your schedule off, and you'd need to rework it.†¢ meet deadlines – If you're accurate in estimating the time it will take to complete tasks, you'll be better able to meet your deadlines. If you're estimates aren't accurate, you may need to ask to change deadlines or disappoint others who are relying on you to complete certain tasks. With accurate time estimates, you'll also be more confident about setting deadlines because you know that the time you assign for completing each of your tasks is realistic.Time estimate equationIt's important to estimate the time frames for your tasks accurately so that you can schedule all your work effectively and meet deadlines. To go about doing this, you first need to know the requirements of each task and your experience with activities – both when they run smoothly and when they don't – to produce three time estimates:†¢ The likely time is the time that the task normally takes you to complete. It helps to consider the time it takes to complete the task without interruption. You should also think about a time frame you would be comfortable with based on your workload, the task, and any external factors that may delay or speed up the completion of the task.†¢ The shortest time is the least amount of time that you have taken to complete the task in the past. It may also refer to the shortest time in which you think you can complete the task if there are no interruptions or distractions.†¢ You can estimate the longest time by considering what may go wrong when performing the task and then adding this extra time to the task's likely duration. This estimate should be based on your experience of this type of activity in the past, as well as on any foreseeable difficulties.You use the three time estimates to calculate the shortest possible time to complete a task based on an average of the likely, shortest, and longest times. Because in most cases a task will take the likely time to complete, this time is given more weight. You need to multiply it by 4, add the shortest time, and then add the longest time. You divide the total by 6 to get the shortest possible time.One important thing to remember is that you must use the same measurements for each type of time. For example, if your likely time is a number of days, the shortest and longest times must also be in days. If your estimates are in different measurements, start by changing them so they are all the same. The time frames equation often produces a shortest possible time that is longer than the shortest time you put into the equation. This is because the equation helps ensure that you're realistic about how long things will take.To manage your time effectively, you have to estimate the time it will take to complete each of your tasks. Doing this ensures you can schedule your work appropriately and meet all your deadlines. To estimate the time frames for your tasks, you can use a simple time frames equation, which uses estimates for the likely, shortest, and longest times to calculate the realistic, shortest possible time that it will take to complete a task.https://library.skillport.com/courseware/Content/cca/pd_11_a02_bs_enus/output/html/sb/sbpd_11_a02_bs_enus002005.html4. Identify and explain five (5) threats to your business that you need to consider for the success of this system.Answer: After assessing the strengths and weaknesses of your business for your business plan, look for external forces, like opportunities and threats, that may have an effect on its destiny. These changes includeThe appearance of new or stronger competitorsThe emergence of unique technologiesShifts in the size or demographic composition of your market areaChanges in the economy that affect customer buying habitsChanges in customer preferences that affect buying habitsChanges that alter the way customers access your businessChanges in politics, policies, and regulationsFads and fashion crazesList the threats and opportunities facing your business, and follow these guidelines:When listing opportunities, consider emerging technologies, availability of new materials, new customer categories, changing customer tastes, market growth, new uses for old products (think about how mobile phones and even eyeglasses now double as cameras and computers), new distribution or location opportunities, positive changes in your competitive environment, and other forces that can affect your success.When listing threats, consider the impact of shrinking markets, altered consumer tastes and pu rchase tendencies, raw material shortages, economic downturns, new regulations, changes that affect access to your business, and competitive threats, including new competing businesses and competitive mergers and alliances. Also think about the impact of expiring patents, labor issues, global issues, and new products that may make your offering outdated or unnecessary.If you're having a tough time getting specific, look back at the strengths and weaknesses, but this time, use it to list strengths and weaknesses of a competitor. You won't know as much about your competitor's capabilities as you know about your own, but you probably know enough to flag areas of strength and weakness. Your competitor's strengths are potential threats to your business, and its weaknesses present potential opportunities.http://www.dummies.com/business/start-a-business/business-plans/how-to-identify-opportunities-and-threats-in-business-planning/5. Write down three (3) elements of risk and two (2) example each that relate to the project.(9 Marks)Answer. All risk management standards agree that the goal of risk management is to enhance the chances of success of the relevant endeavor. However, each of them provides a different definition of risk: ISO31000:2009 calls it â€Å"effect of uncertainty on objectives,† the PMI â€Å"PMBOK Guide† has â€Å"an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on the project's objectives,† and the preferred Risk Doctor definition is â€Å"uncertainty that matters.†Each description is true, but only partly so. This matters because, until we know what we are dealing with, we cannot manage it in the best way possible:If we use the ISO definition, then our first thought will be to focus on the effect;If we follow PMI, then we will start from the potential occurrence;With the Risk Doctor definition, we start from uncertainty.Each of these — the effect, the event and the uncertainty — is a component of risk, but on its own is not a risk.Even taken in pairs they do not provide the full picture:an effect plus an event is an issue;an event plus an uncertainty is a prediction;†¢ an uncertainty plus and effect is a concern.It is only when you put all three together that you can see what a risk is made of, and use this information to decide on what, if anything, to do about it. Of course, this then requires a longer definition, but the goal enhancing the chances of success is worth the effort.But what is â€Å"success†? It is more than simply â€Å"meeting objectives;† it must also include the condition of â€Å"complying with project constraints† in order for the final result to remain within scope. Given this clarification, a more complete definition is: â€Å"Risk consists of three parts: an uncertain situation, the likelihood of occurrence of the situation, and the effect (positive or negative)that the occurrence would have on project success.†The three-part definition helps with three important stages of the risk management process: In 1.risk identification, it supports the structured description of a risk (â€Å"risk metalanguage†) in the form: â€Å"Because of , may occur, leading to In 2.risk evaluation, knowledge of potential causes allows you to evaluate the likelihood; identification of effects provides a basis for quantifying the impact.In 3 risk response planning, the different parts of the definition suggest different response approaches:for threat avoidance, understanding the situation may allow you to stop it happening or protect against its results;understanding the situation can also be used to help us exploit opportunities;in risk transfer or sharing, we seek a partner better equipped to address the effect;for threat reduction or opportunity enhancement, we focus on the effect and/or the likelihood;in risk acceptance, any contingency plan has to address the effect.Including these three components when you describe risks (the uncertainty, the event and the effect) will help everyone involved in risk management to take account of these three important aspects of risk, and act on them to enhance the chances of success.EXAMPLETwo examples of Managing risk in hote

Mother and Twin Brothers Eli Essay

In The Droughtlanders, by Carrie Mac, Twin brothers Eli and Seth, both Keylanders, live inside a privileged and protected city surrounded by huge walls to protect them from the filthy, sick Droughlanders. Eli’s mother teaches him to view Droughtlanders sympathetically and Eli changes his opinion about them. As a result Eli joins a rebellion group against the Keylands. Initially Seth is furious about Eli’s decision and attempts to hunt Eli and kill him but ultimately realizes the truth and joins his brother. At the beginning Eli and Seth have a bitter hate for each other which intensifies due to their different view points regarding the Droughtlanders. In the end, they make up and the hate they had between them fades away. Right from the start Eli and Seth do not get along, this relationship soon turns into hate and distrust between them. Near the end Seth also changes his mind about Droughtlanders and they get along. From the beginning Eli and Seth dislike each other because of Seth’s constant harassment. Seth is constantly making harsh jokes about Eli’s bladder problem, â€Å"do you have to sit down like a girl?† (36). This quote shows how Seth bullies Eli. Seth and Eli get in a lot of fights and Seth says mean thinks like â€Å"If father wasn’t in the room I’d kick your face in† (44). Seth bullies Eli because he thinks that he is weak and pathetic. After getting in yet another fight Seth says to Eli â€Å"You really are a baby. Get a diaper, Eliza† (55). Eli hates Seth’s bullying and they never get along. They have always had a poor relationship, but it becomes worse once Eli sympathizes with the Droughtlanders. Seth and Eli’s relationship and distrust gets even worse. When the explosion goes off where their mother is, Eli cries â€Å"Maman. She was in there, Seth† (45). Eli had a very strong connection with his mom, but Seth not so much. Eli tells Seth how their father killed their mother and Seth whispers into his ear â€Å"Say that one more time, or to anyone else, ever, and I will kill you† (54). This quote demonstrates how seriously angry they are with each other. Eli tries to tell Seth that their mother was a rebel but Seth responds â€Å"That is the stupidest thing I have ever heard you say† (56). This quote illustrates how much distrust they have between them. When Eli secretly leaves to look for the Droughtlander rebels, Seth views him as a traitor and this betrayal leads to Seth hunting Eli. When Seth finally catches up with Eli, he tells Seth the truth about their mother’s death and how their father was responsible. Seth also comes to accept the Droughtlanders for the decent and ill-treated people they are. Eli and Seth find each other in a forest. â€Å"When Eli heard the name he’s not been called in so long, he felt some thing snap with a sharp, invigorating pain. Keenly aware of his intentions, he brought out his own knife and in one fluid motion flicked the wider blade open, turned and plunged the knife through Seth’s pants and as deep as it would go† (300). It is this moment that Seth gains respect for Eli and starts to question his own beliefs. After Seth is captured he does his sin inventory and comes to realize how horrible of a person he was. Although Eli is still very angry with Seth, Seth says, â€Å"I’m sorry, Eli, for being such a terrible brother† (317). This is the start to their relationship reuniting. They discuss and finally agree about the tragic events that lead to their mother’s death. Sabine, their triplet sister, is also there and for the first time they all connect peacefully. During the circus they all collapse and are sent to the infirmary. â€Å"They speculated on why only now they felt a connection† (323). They figured it was because this was the first time they were all happy together. In the end, Seth and Eli are no longer enemies and can be happy. The relationship between Seth and Eli started with mutual hostility and ended in admiration. It is a unique relationship between Seth and Eli in search of the truth. Eli pursues the truth of his mothers legacy as Seth searches for the truth about Eli’s defection.

Heres Every College That Offers 100% Financial Aid

Here's Every College That Offers 100% Financial Aid SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the most important questions you will have to ask yourself during your college selection process is whether or not your top choice school is affordable for your family. Affordability has a huge impact on college decisions. Some students will luck out and be offered a nice scholarship by their school that will make things affordable. Others will win independent scholarships. Usually, though, both of these options for financing your education are based on merit, and there is a lot of competition. But did you know that some schools are committed to making sure all admitted students can afford to attend, regardless of whether they are scholarship recipients? Read on to see a list of colleges that meet full need, or provide for 100% of their students’ demonstrated financial need. What Does Demonstrated Financial Need Mean? Part of the application process is filling out a multitude of forms that colleges use to determine how much your family can reasonably afford to pay. The two most common forms are the FAFSA (short for the Free Application for Federal Student Aid) and the CSS Profile (short for the College Scholarship Service Profile). Other schools may have their own forms that they ask you to fill out. On these forms, you’ll have to state your parents’ income and assets, as well as your own (if you have any), and the number of dependents in your household. The government and colleges then run some calculations to decide what’s reasonable for your family to contribute to the cost of your education. Of course, this plan is not foolproof for getting the money you need for college. First of all, many families feel that the government and colleges do not do a very good job of determining how much they are able to pay. The calculations can be different from school to school, and just because an outside arbiter has decided that your family can â€Å"afford,† say, $15,000 per year, doesn’t mean that in reality they can. Many families feel they are in a difficult situation because their incomes are too high for the larger pools of financial aid but too low to be comfortable giving up such a large chunk of money. Of course, the situation is even worse for those who are planning on sending multiple kids to college. Additionally, just because you demonstrate financial need doesn't mean that you will get financial aid- or at least, as much as you need. Many schools simply cannot afford to give away as much financial aid as their students need. They instead give some money, but not enough to cover the cost. For example, let’s say your school costs $54,000 per year. You've been told that your family can afford to pay $20,000 per year- but in reality, that’s a stretch. That leaves you $34,000 short of full tuition. Your school offers to kick in $15,000. So you are left with a gap of $19,000, plus the $20,000 that you couldn’t really afford in the first place. This is why so many students are left with no option but to take out extensive private student loans, often leaving them riddled with massive debt for years after graduation. 100% Meet Need Schools Fortunately, there are some schools out there that are committed to staying affordable for all of their students. Colleges and universities that pledge to meet 100% of their students’ financial need are a relatively rare breed. There are currently fewer than 75 schools that will meet all of your financial need. The schools on the lists below make sure that you get the money you need (outside of your family’s calculated contribution, of course) through grants, loans, work study, and scholarships. Some have taken this generosity one step further and pledged that they will meet the full financial need of their students without requiring them to take out loans. What Does This Financial Aid Look Like? For the top schools listed below, financial aid will come 100% in the form of grants, scholarships, and work study. Grants and scholarships are financial gifts that do not need to be paid back. Work study means that these schools guarantee you will be given a job that will cover some of your costs. However, some of the schools listed below will also include loans as part of their financial aid packages. When a school considers your FAFSA and your aid package, they also determine your eligibility for federal loan programs. These loans need to be repaid, but if they are granted through your school, they count as part of your â€Å"100% financial aid program.† The most common federal loans that you will hear about being part of your financial aid package are as follows: Subsidized Stafford Loans: the government pays interest while you are in school and during your grace periods Unsubsidized Stafford Loans:you are responsible for the interest that accrues while you are studying Federal PLUS Loans:given to theparents of undergraduate students These loans are usually much better than private student loans because they tend to have lower interest rates, grace periods, convenient repayment plans, and loan forgiveness programs. However, there are limits to the amount that a student can borrow every year through federal loan programs. Therefore, some students will additionally be offered loans through their school. Though the rates on these loans are not usually quite as low-interest as federal loans, they tend to have lower interest rates than other private loans. The other big difference between schools that include loans as part of their 100% need-met financial aid programs and schools that leave a portion of your needs unmet and require you to find your own loans is that you qualify automatically for these loans if they are offered as part of your financial aid package. Receiving the loans is as easy as checking a box on your financial aid statement. What Kinds of Schools Meet 100% of Need? As you are looking over the lists below, you might start to notice a pattern.Most of these schools are well known for being excellent in their fields.It’s usually the top schools that are committed to and able to meet 100% of their students’ financial needs. There are a few reasons for this. The first is that, traditionally, these schools are attended by wealthier students. When many students are paying full price, and some even have family members making financial donations to the school, these schools will have more money to spread around to students who are not as well-off financially. Many of these schools also have larger endowments than the average university, which means there is more money to give to students who need it. Finally, meeting 100% of students’ financial needs has become a selling point for top schools that are competing for top students. Once one school started having this policy, others had to match it to stay competitive and continue being attractive to the best students. The bottom line is that you can attend a top school and have it be affordable. The Best of the Best: 100% Need Met Without Loans, Regardless of Income The following schools have the most generous financial aid packets. They are willing to meet 100% of your demonstrated financial need without making you take out loans, regardless of your family income. To illustrate what this means, let’s imagine two students going through a fictional financial aid process. Student A’s parents make $130,000 per year but have a couple of children currently attending college. After looking at their FAFSA, the schools below decide Student A’s parents can make a contribution of $30,000 per year toward average yearly fees of $50,000.Student A would, therefore, get the remaining $20,000 per year in financial aid through scholarships, grants, and work study. Student B’s parents, on the other hand, make just under $50,000 per year. After looking at their FAFSA, the schools below decide Student B’s family should not have to contribute financially. Student B is awarded the full $50,000 through scholarships, grants, and work study. All information below is taken from US News. Now, let's look at these crà ¨me de la crà ¨me schools: Harvard has one of the best financial aid programs out there. Amherst College Bowdoin College Brown University Colby College Columbia University Davidson College Harvard University Massachusetts Institute of Technology Northwestern University Pomona College Princeton University Stanford University Swarthmore College University of Chicago University of Pennsylvania US Air Force Academy US Naval Academy Vanderbilt University Washington and Lee University West Point Yale University Second Best: 100% of Need Met With No Loans for Some Incomes These schools will meet 100% of your financial need no matter what your family’s income is, but if your income is below a certain level, they will also make sure you don't have to take out any loans. Let’s consider Student A and Student B again to illustrate this. Student A’s parents can contribute $30,000 per year toward the $50,000 cost of tuition and living. To meet the $20,000 of need, Student A is offered $3,500 in Subsidized Stafford Loans and $2,000 in Unsubsidized Loans, while theparents are offered a PLUS Loan of $2,500. Student A is then offered the final $12,000 through a combination of scholarships, grants, and work study. Student B’s parents make less than $50,000. Almost all of the schools listed below require no financial contribution from Student B’s parents. Student B is offered the full $50,000 yearly cost through scholarships, grants, and work study. The following schools are taken from US News. Below are the schools that offer this kind of aid: Dartmouth is one of the schools that offers loan-free aid to some students. Cornell University Aid is loan-free if your parents' total income is less than $60,000 and total assets are less than $100,000. Dartmouth College Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $100,000. Your family will not be expected to make any financial contribution. Duke University Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $40,000. Your family will not be expected to make any financial contribution. Haverford College Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $60,000. Families making more than this threshold can expect small loans ranging from $1,500 to $3,000 a year. Rice University Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $130,000. Vassar College Aid is loan-free for students from "low-income families." Washington University in St. Louis Aid is loan-free if your parents earn less than $75,000. Wellesley College Aid is loan-free if your calculated family contribution is less than $7,000 and your parents earn less than $60,000. All other students qualifying for financial aid can expect to have a maximum of $15,200 in loans over four years. Williams College Aid is loan-free if parents earn less than $75,000 with "typical assets." 100% of Need With Loans Though these financial aid packets won’t seem as great compared with the non-loan ones above, the fact that these schools commit to meeting 100% of students’ demonstrated financial need is a rare thing. These schools expect students to take out some loans as part of their financial aid packagesbut will make sure that there are no gaps between what the aid package is worth and the cost of tuition. Let’s go back to our fictional students for a moment. Student A’s parents who earn $130,000 are expected to contribute $30,000 per year toward the $50,000 cost of attendance. Student A is awarded $3,500 in Subsidized Stafford Loans, $2,000 in Unsubsidized Stafford Loans, and a $3,500 loan directly from the school. Student A’s parents are also offered a $7,000 PLUS Loan. Finally, student A gets the opportunity to earn $2,000 per year in work studyand receives a grant for $2,000. By contrast, student B’s parents make less than $50,000 and are not expected to contribute anything up front. Student B is awarded $3,500 in Subsidized Stafford Loans, $2,000 in Unsubsidized Stafford Loans, and a $10,000 loan directly from the school. Student B is also offered $3,500 in work study. Student B’s parents get a PLUS loan of $10,000. The final $21,000 is awarded through grants and scholarships. Schools who offer students 100% needs met (with loans) financial aid include the following: USC is one school that meets 100% of financial need with loans. Barnard CollegeBates College Boston College Bryn Mawr College California Institute of Technology Carleton CollegeCase Western Reserve UniversityClaremont-McKenna College Colgate University College of the Holy Cross Connecticut College Colorado CollegeDenison CollegeEmory University (US only) Franklin Marshall College Georgetown University Grinnell College Hamilton College Harvey Mudd CollegeJohns Hopkins University Kenyon College Lafayette College Macalester College Middlebury College Mount Holyoke CollegeNortheastern University (US only) Oberlin College Occidental College Pitzer College Scripps CollegeSkidmore College Smith College Thomas Aquinas College Trinity College Tufts UniversityUCLA Union College University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill University of Notre Dame University of RichmondUniversity of Rochester (does not include Eastman School of Music) University of Southern CaliforniaUniversity of Virginia Wake Forest University Wesleyan University Final Thoughts: Colleges Offering 100% Aid The biggest thing that you can take away from this list is the knowledge that top colleges in the US are working hard to be affordable to all students. If you decide to apply to one of the schools listed above, you can do so with the confidence that you will neither have to come up with the money to finance it up front nor hunt down your own private student loans. And if you don’t see your top choice on this list, don’t be discouraged. More and more schools are working toward being able to cover 100% of their students’ financial needs. Many of the schools that aren’t there yet still have great financial aid packages. Even better, many of them offer merit-based scholarships that you might be eligible for. Also, keep in mind that you should always be on the lookout for outside, private scholarships to help fund your tuition. What's Next? The government can sometimes help with tuition costs, especially if you're from a low-income family. Check out our article to see whether you are eligible for a Pell Grant. As you consider where to apply to college, you might want to look at our list of cheap out-of-state colleges and the most expensive colleges in the country. Don’t be surprised by the surprise costs of college! Read this article to see what college really costs. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Impacts of McLaren Technology Centre Essay

Impacts of McLaren Technology Centre Essay Impacts of McLaren Technology Centre Essay Example Impacts of McLaren Technology Centre Essay Example As any practical discipline, architecture develops on a day-to-day basis since it is expected to serve the best interests of people. It is an indisputable fact that architecture succeeds in that to various extents. The outcomes of any high-scale project become a central object of intensive discussions in a narrow circle of experts as well as in the public masses. Strong controversies usually occur on the basis of discussion of the trends related to the architecture. In such a way, a style of deconstructivism occurs to be a frequent subject of arguments regarding its applicability to a contemporary practice of architecture. At the same time, the issues of sustainability, especially environmental, are also important for the establishment of deconstructivism as a complete independent style in architecture. However, its environmental impacts should be verified. Therefore, McLaren Technology Centre is a perfect example of deconstructivism. Its influence on the environment is commonly reco gnized as rather vague because of its morpho-ecological features which is why the following paper focuses on the discussion of that perspective. The Perfect Example of Deconstructivism The following study does not provide any findings regarding the subject but gives an account on the most important components of sustainable architecture and compliance of deconstructivism with its basic guidelines. The paper presents multiple points of view so that the results of this argumentative paper can be considered objective. Social, economic, and environmental sustainability are discussed in terms of McLaren Technology Centre’s features of deconstructivism. In other words, these three pillars of the sustainability are the main metrics of McLaren Technology Centre’s effectiveness. The paper does not discuss overall efficiency of McLaren Technology Centre but places the emphasis on the environmental impacts of the building. Morpho-ecological elements are a specific aspect of McLaren Technology Centre so that the majority of relations are compared with its relevance to solution-thinking. Discussion To discuss the morpho-ecological impacts of McLaren Technology Centre on the environment, the overall characteristics of deconstructivism should be indicated. McLaren Technology Centre presents a result of architectural harmony and unity that render an obvious stability visually as well as practically. The building may seem to demonstrate a drastic dislocation between its design and context. However, it is certainly not true as McLaren Technology Centre repeats the form of the land, into which it is cut. Along with internal peculiarities of the building, exterior renders a message about high technologies and creativity that are not limited to traditional linear approaches . Deconstructivism may impress with its chaotic solutions of material, design, and addressing surrounding context, but none of these decisions are made for a purpose of just entertaining the publicity. McLaren Technology Centre attempts to deliver the message that cutting-edge technologies are not placed in any fram eworks and can exist in harmony with the environment. As a building of deconstructivism, McLaren Technology Centre is definitely a new paradigm in architecture. However, that paradigm hardly fits the usual contexts and environments so that its efficiency can be argued. Mindful of the impacts produced on the environment is rather questionable since many concerned experts perceive the paradigm as strictly destructive because of its rejection of the entire past experience of architecture, without placing new feasible ideas for a contemporary philosophy of architecture . McLaren Technology Centre as well as any other product of deconstructivism architecture is seen as purposeful aggression on the human environments and senses. Hence, construction of such building is initially abusive to the environment as it generates anxiety and discomfort. As a consequence, a subject of sustainable architecture is far beyond the terms of discussion because the building does not address basic aspects of comfort and suitability. Thus, the new paradigm of de constructivism makes many experts feel concerned. In spite of the complexity that is perceived as accidental, McLaren Technology Centre contains a variety of functions. According to the pioneer of deconstructivism, Frank Gehry, chance collision in the exterior and interior serve the purpose of providing more space where it is necessary. In such a way, McLaren Technology Centre provides enough space for each department in accordance with their technical functions. Traditional approach to planning the building presupposes symmetric borders for a certain segment so that spacing becomes less flexible . The plan of McLaren Technology Centre suggests that some additional space can be always gained. Obviously, that makes a positive impact on the environment as the building harmonically follows the pattern of the land; equipment, cars, and etc. do not obtain external space around McLaren Technology Centre. Therefore, visually chaotic design of the building pursues the goal to provide more internal space for the Technology Centre. By the same token, a variety of materials and purposes of their use were involved in the erection of McLaren Technology Centre. A plain combination of metal, concrete, and glass present an efficient reflector of solar radiation so that the roof and basic walls reflect excessive sunlight while the building is heated sufficiently inside . The expenditures on costs may seem to be not justified, but long term environmental impacts are worth investing in such deconstructivism projects. Such a combination of materials relates to modernism and postmodernism, which are focused on rendering messages of high technologies and urbanism. Thus, McLaren Technology Centre redefines this aspect since its environmental perspective correlates with a message of modernity and progress. That image can be embedded in the concept of deconstructivism in the nearest future in case the paradigm is accepted by the community of top architects and the society as a whole since deconstructivism influences the publi city to a distinct extent. In fact, this influence is believed to be mainly negative. McLaren Technology Centre is also perceived as shocking so that many people consider its design to be aimed at scandalizing the brand of McLaren . More pragmatic viewers admit that deconstructivism hardly responds the environment because of its chaotic planning which is why McLaren Technology Centre is a certain mistake of the brand’s owners. Technology does not have to necessarily follow complicated patterns and shocking designs. The main purpose of high technologies is to make the life of people less complicated and more comfortable. McLaren Technology Centre looks definitely awe-inspiring, but it does not render justified effectiveness, especially from the perspective of environmental sustainability . Radical solutions need to be justified by the outcomes so that advantages of McLaren Technology Centre are not explicit to the publicity even though the brand owners claim that the building considers up-to-date green t echnologies. Even though McLaren Technology Centre really does not produce any positive environmental impact, its technology and design address the current social trend. The building does not look outdated and average. These features reflect the global striving for uniqueness and modernity so that McLaren Technology Centre is definitely an object for public view. Artistically, such aggressive design complies with the contemporary social processes. The entire century can be marked as a period of extreme violence and aggression which is why magnified and chaotically placed buildings create an environment, in which society keeps itself in a strict discipline . Henceforth, perception of violence as dislocation, disjuncture, and discontinuity is reflected by McLaren Technology Centre. That makes people not to take aggression for granted as there is an excessive portion of that within the community. For this reason, McLaren Technology Centre reflects the context of social processes but does not support it since its technological capacity is aimed at more productive outcomes. In regard to the subject of traditional practice in the architecture, a certain deviation from standards can be observed in McLaren Technology Centre. The problem is not based on the originality of design and incorporated technologies but on a disregard of past experience . This factor is relatively strong as long as architecture belongs to a sort of disciplines, which make a progress on the basis of the past experience . Thus, denial of previously valued traditions makes McLaren Technology Centre unoriginal. Traditional architecture presupposes buildings to be symmetrical. As long as McLaren Technology Centre does not follow a linear pattern, it does not deliver a message of stability. Absence of equal elements leads to absence of balance in technology, facilities, and storage. For this reason, deconstructivism of McLaren Technology Centre has to advance in many aspects as its efficiency is redundant. In addition, McLaren Technology Centre does not comply with basic logical standards of architecture. The curved form of the building is not typical of technical center as it does not imply a systematized division of space within it. McLaren Technology Centre contains more negations of logical solutions rather than optimized approaches to spacing. This factor is a central concern with respect to applicability of deconstructivism to a contemporary architecture because even a late modernism includes a distinct compliance with symmetrical interiors. Further, McLaren Technology Centre cannot render sustainability to a meaningful extent. This can be explained by the evidence of its saving capacity. McLaren Technology Centre obtains more space than it could have been which is why a subject of economizing on energy, wastes, and etc. is far from embodiment in the empirical environment. These arguments are sufficient for claiming McLaren Technology Centre to produce negative effects on the env ironment, but specific morphologic details should be reviewed. McLaren Technology Centre is designed for housing more than 18, 000 employees of the company which is why such a form was chosen . In fact, the building is divided into multiple segments that belong to specific departments. As a consequence, the access to any department is equal. There is no need to pass throughout all sections in order to enter the last one (Appendix 1). McLaren Technology Centre is completed by a lake so that this complex creates an integral circular system. Hence, McLaren Technology Centre fits the environment naturally. The lake is utilized for additional cooling of the building while McLaren Technology Centre covers it from excessive solar radiation. It is becoming increasingly apparent that McLaren Technology Centre is designed for purposes of the environmental sustainability since its architectural solutions address problems of greenhouse effect. However, this advancement is not a single advantage of McLaren Technology Centre’s design. McLaren Technology Centre is constructed on an in-situ concrete slab so that it is cut into a deep ground of the land, which keeps the height of the buildings below a restricted depth. The building is surrounded by 100, 000 specially planted trees and ornamental shrubs. Conversely, McLaren Technology Centre creates favorable conditions for growing new trees. In combination with the lake, a new biodiversity is created in the area . In such a way, curved and semi-circled design of McLaren Technology Centre causes a growth of biologic population. To the contrary of the assumption that deconstructivism is a dramatically destructive paradigm of architecture, environmentally favorable design of McLaren Technology Centre should be admitted. It is hard to argue with the fact that exterior design of the building is completed in terms of the latest modernism while its internal peculiarities occur to address issues of the environmental sustainability. Still, McLaren Technology Centre is reported to contradict the issues of sustainability as long as deconstructivism cannot address environmental problems in terms of relationship between technology and form. Deconstructivism is claimed to ignore solution-thinking concerns of sustainable architecture which is why such buildings as McLaren Technology Centre cannot provide sufficient environmental support . A sustainable building is expected to take solution-based thinking as a determining constraint that influences the ultimate form of a building. McLaren Technology Centre seems to be aimed to address the environmental issues initially so that the design constraint was primary at the early stages. As a result, inappropriately formulated balancing of design and incorporated solutions created a vague environmental advantage and questionable design as effectiveness of curves and semi-circled constructions can be argued. Stated differently, ultimate design form has to be determined by a co nstraint of solutions otherwise the relation between the design and sustainable solutions cannot be established. In contrast, sustainability is not a sign of a particular style . McLaren Technology Centre addresses environmental problems in spite of its deconstructivism. In addition, deconstructivism of the buildings renders its sustainability. The concrete slab is cut into the land in a way that repeats its pattern. Similarly, the curved form of McLaren Technology Centre does not change the form of the hill’s top so that its environment is not harmed. Furthermore, McLaren Technology Centre utilizes the environment for mutual support. The concrete slab makes the ground more resistant to rains and underground fluids so that trees and plants are not exceedingly flooded. McLaren Technology Centre naturally fits a local biodiversity, especially the area of the lake as the building stimulates the lake’s heating and steam production. Sspecially planted trees not only neutralize the emissions of carbon dioxide but also generate more oxygen because of sufficient internal fluids from the l ake. In fact, the main advantage of constructivism is based on its diverse features. To be more specific, chaotic design presupposes a wide range of solutions for any architectural purposes. McLaren Technology Centre uses this capacity to a sufficient extent which is why technological perspective of the building is well-justified. Thus, McLaren Technology Centre is able to implement numerous green solutions even now as long as it is design is relatively flexible . Deconstructivism implies a random relation between design and solutions. This tendency can be explained by a relation of deconstructivism to functionalism and green postmodernism . Since McLaren Technology Centre includes elements of both styles, sustainable technologies are a compulsory part of the building’s design. To the greatest extent, the building was built with green solutions a priori, without an intentional purpose of addressing the environmental issues. Unintentional sustainable solutions are regarded as top gr een technologies in the architecture because there has been a little agreement on the balance between environmentally friendly solutions and design. On the other hand, McLaren Technology Centre is complex with inherent power inefficiency so that it is mainly perceived as an object for a public view rather than an up-to-date product of high technologies . The building occurs to be ineffective in multiple cases even though it addresses certain aspects of sustainability. The Sspecific morpho-ecology of McLaren Technology Centre does not have to address one issue while the other one is dramatically harmed . In such a way, McLaren Technology Centre provides growth of a local biodiversity while extents of its power consumption leave much to be desired. The building attempts to comply with a status of high-profile public architecture rather than environmentally-friendly solution. Social sustainability is surely gained as a sufficient workplace as well as employment is provided while the environmental issue has been raged unabated yet. Overall, McLaren Technology Centre is socially trendy. It reflects a social tendency of modernity and uniqueness which is why the building’s chaotic and curved elements of design are regarded as a fashion trend in the world culture. Hence, social sustainability is addressed throughout its exterior because McLaren Technology Centre definitely contributes to the progress of the world architecture. It can be argued that its inefficiencies overweigh the advantages, but McLaren Technology Centre is obviously progressive from the artistic point of view . Therefore, a major cultural contribution is evident. However, haphazard planning of incorporated elements of design are always attached to specific functions . For this reason, economic sustainability is addressed to a certain extent. These advantages of deconstructivism epitomize the style, and McLaren Technology Centre belongs to a group of buildings, which will demonstrate its full range of capacities in the nearest future. That is to mention, the framework of sustainable architecture only begins to formulate its basic constraints while social tendencies are changing with a proactive intensity. Eventually, the last argument should be outlined to the contrary of McLaren Technology Centre’s value to the society and economy. In spite of the numerous facts of sustainable orientation of the building, McLaren Technology Centre contains a little space for addressing issues related to production and testing of sport cars. Without a doubt, this industry is especially harmful to the environment as emissions carbon dioxide along with the other waste of automotive production result in the pollution of the environment. McLaren Technology Centre leaves this aspect mainly unaddressed. The main problem of the building is based on the fact that it lacks green solutions internally while external elements such as the lake and surrounding trees are indirect components of the complex system . Consequently, elements of deconstructivism are not always favorable for gaining environmental sustainability. The paper has focused on the discussion of McLaren Technology Centre’ morpho-ecological influence on the environment. The paper has covered various points of view regarding the phenomenon of deconstructivism and McLaren Technology Centre as its distinct representative. The discussion has included various arguments which is why the paper presents only an objective academic opinion, without contributing much to the findings in the related discipline. At the same time, the paper has discussed such essential aspects as environmental, social, and economic sustainability of McLaren Technology Centre. However, these perspectives revolve around the controversy regarding exterior design and distinct green solutions of the building. As it has become increasingly apparent, McLaren Technology Centre renders a little support of the environmental sustainability in comparison with social and economic pillars . The paper has shed light on the peculiarities of deconstructivism. Even though thi s style origins from late postmodernism and functionalism, attachment of design to particular solutions remains symbolic while a philosophy of exterior design prevails in McLaren Technology Centre. It is appropriate to make a general comment on the fact that deconstructivism itself is not environmentally harmful even though rectilinear and curved elements are recognized as aggressive for a human perception. The matter of McLaren Technology Centre’s problem relates to the fact that practice of environmentally sustainable solutions is not sufficiently credible for implementation on a regular basis. Green architecture already has a certain history of development, but it does not suggest any vivid framework. For this reason, McLaren Technology Centre should not be regarded as an environmentally harmful building. To be more precise, the building does not render expected advances in establishment of sustainable environment. As a matter of fact, this objective is not feasible for McLaren Technology Centre at least in its current mode of technological solutions that can be enhanced in the future.

Improving Reading Skills for ESL

Improving Reading Skills for ESL Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult. This collection of tips  will help you improve reading by using skills you use in your own language.   Tip 1: Read for Gist Gist the main ideas Read the text a first time. Dont stop. Read to understand the main ideas, and dont look up new words. Youll be surprised that you can usually understand the general idea of the story. Tip 2: Use Context Context refers words and situations that are around a word you dont understand. Look at the example sentence: I went to the shlumping to buy some chitla for dinner.   Whats schlumping? - it must be a store because you bought something there. Whats chitia? - It must be food because you are going to eat it for dinner. Tip 3: Use Your Own Language One of the best tips on improving reading is to think about how you read in your own language. Start by thinking about how you read different documents. How do you read the newspaper? How do you read novels? How do you read train schedules? and so on. Taking time to think about this will help give you clues on how to read in English - even if you dont understand every single word. Ask yourself this question: Do I read every word in your own language when I am reading a schedule, summary, or other outlining document? The answer is most definitely: No! Reading in English is like reading in your native language. This means that it is not always necessary to read and understand each and every word in English. Remember that reading skills in your native language and English are basically the same. Tip 4: Understand Different Reading Skills Here is a quick overview of the four types of reading skills used in every language: Skimming - used to understand the gist or main ideaScanning - used to find a particular piece of informationExtensive reading - used for pleasure and general understandingIntensive reading - accurate reading for detailed understanding Skimming Skimming is used to quickly gather the most important information, or gist. Run your eyes over the text, noting important information. Use skimming to quickly get up to speed on a current business situation. Its not essential to understand each word when skimming. Examples of Skimming: The Newspaper (quickly to get the general news of the day)Magazines (quickly to discover which articles you would like to read in more detail)Business and Travel Brochures (quickly to get informed) Scanning Scanning is used to find a particular piece of information. Run your eyes over the text looking for the specific piece of information you need. Use scanning on schedules, meeting plans, etc. in order to find the specific details you require. If you see words or phrases that you dont understand, dont worry when scanning. Examples of Scanning The Whats on TV section of your newspaper.A train / airplane scheduleA conference guide This lesson plan focusing on scanning reading skills can be of help in practicing these skills on your own or in printed out for in-class use. Extensive reading Extensive reading is used to obtain a general understanding of a subject and includes reading longer texts for pleasure, as well as business books. Use extensive reading skills to improve your general knowledge of business procedures. Do not worry if you understand each word. Examples of Extensive Reading The latest marketing strategy bookA novel you read before going to bedMagazine articles that interest you This lesson focusing on improving vocabulary through extensive reading can be of help putting these skills into practice. Intensive reading Intensive reading is used on shorter texts in order to extract specific information. It includes very close accurate reading for detail. Use intensive reading skills to grasp the details of a specific situation. In this case, it is important that you understand each word, number or fact. Examples of Intensive Reading A bookkeeping reportAn insurance claimA contract Improve Other English Skills You can use these reading skills in a number of ways to improve other areas of English learning such as pronunciation, grammar and  increasing vocabulary. Reading Tips to Improve Your PronunciationReading Tips to Improve Your VocabularyReading Tips to Improve Your Conversational SkillsReading Tips to Improve Your GrammarReading Tips to Improve Your Listening Skills Next, review your understanding of these four basic reading skills. If you teach an  English course, you can use these quick review texts in class, as well as this  lesson plan focusing on identifying reading skills.

Note's response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Note's response - Essay Example Social sites such as Facebook and tweeter have provided a platform of exchanging ideas and establishing networks although it is not all who embrace them for various reasons. It is insightful to note that blogs are preferred for news because many are specialized and dedicated to news provision only (Sacco, 2012). The assertion that it is not true that everybody has access to new media landscape is correct. However, it is not true that one’s ability to afford a computer and other accessories that allow access to the internet is the only determining factor why some people have not accessed the internet. This is because there are cyber cafes, which one could go to in order to access the internet at a fee. The questions of how there are people who have not interacted with the new media or the telephones are pertinent. They are kind that those who have interacted with these technologies ask after using them for so long that they lose memory of how they survived without them (Sacco, 2012). It is true that journalistic approach to the coverage of different issues seeks to uphold fairness and balance. However, the assertion that scientific issues deserve more scientific inquiry and insight than the fairness and balance elements of the journalistic approach is not entirely correct. If these elements were lacking, purely scientific information can create the sky-is-falling impression. Therefore, the two should be complementary (Sacco,

W6Distributed Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

W6Distributed Knowledge - Essay Example With the help of new advancements and movements in communication technology and IT, specialists from everywhere in the world are able to work together as a team. This kind of teamwork is growing at the present. Despite the fact that, new studies on distant and distributed team association have exposed that functioning in these locations brings a challenge to the joint building of novel knowledge. The fundamentals for bringing bright awareness are the similar as in face-to-face location. One precondition for generatinng new information is that to exchange information and distinguish what others are articulating, distributed team associates have to create various postulations regarding what other group members carry out as well as do not identify (Piritta Leinonen, 2008). In addition to judgment of others information, to arrive at the wide-ranging objectives of the team, team associates have to as well assess the knowledge that is previously communal and realized which subjects needed additional development in order to attain conclusions in their mutual assignment. Despite the fact that, in distributed team circumstances it is complicated to review what is familiar or common knowledge. As well as, inside studies on cognitive objectives and self-regulation, opinions have been obtainable regarding how persons strivings to estimate others and common perception that rely upon ones motivational state and cognitive abilities. Like that evaluation tendency, as well as consequently there might be variation in individuals assessments of others and shared information in collaboration also (Lori Rockett, 1998). Data and Knowledge transfer is a course of action in which one person, group or organization recognizes as well as learns detailed knowledge that exists in to another person, group or organization, and reapplies this

The Islamic Center Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Islamic Center - Case Study Example onnecting facility and thus before establishing other facilities such as schools, the board must ensure that the community derives maximum utility from the gym. Therefore, in addition to the volunteers, the gym requires some permanent staff, to oversee its operations. This can be ensured by educating the community about their obligation to pay the required fees, and then using the fees to financially motivate the permanent employees. IC is advantaged to have a lot of professional in the board and thus with each member working on the new strategy (Cropf, Kohler, and Loutzenhiser 71), the community will be made to support its operation and thus avoid chaos in the long run without reducing the board members working hours in their other professions. The gym is a uniting factor in addition to being a recreational facility. For this reason, everyone needs to feel involved in its management, operation and maintenance. Notably, the vandalism was motivated by lack of proper and timely communication rather than change of events (Cropf, Kohler, and Loutzenhiser 70). Therefore, the ad hoc committee is obligated to advice the board on the importance of properly communicating to the community on any changes. Secondly, the community should also be encouraged to understand the main objectives of the gym. Holding several meetings to educate the gym members, especially Muslims on the importance of unity can adversely reduce chaos from the members. These meetings would also increase the member’s desire to volunteer as trainers. Moreover, the gym should remain well maintained, with staff that ensures that resources are well utilized to reduce costs. The gym was made to benefit the whole community, and members should be made aware of that. By using the Muslim teachings of brotherhood, members can be encouraged to help better the community they live and mostly for future generations. The most demotivating factor is lack of financial benefit in dedicating time

Net-Centric Computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Net-Centric Computing - Essay Example Net-centric computing is designed to achieve optimal performance of all the resources. James Robertson, the founder of Step Two designs, a vendor neutral consultancy located in Australia has an article on 10 principles of effective information management  (KM.   1 November 2005). The article describes the concerns that users face in the implementation of information management. He also discusses the challenges in implementing information management effectively (Robertson, 2005). QUESTION: Are Robertson’s 10 principles easier or harder to apply in the context of a network? The application of James Robertson’s principles on a network is much easier (Albert, 2002). This can be attributed to the fact that a network, though varying in complexity, is somewhat less complicated than information management. This is discussed by breaking down the principles in a networking scenario. Recognize (and manage) complexity This principle explains the recognition and management of co mplexity. According to Robertson, this should be done when faced with complexity and a dynamic approach should be taken. When setting up a network, many variables are considered because the network is bound to grow and advance. With advancement complexities are bound to arise. With this principle, the complexities are easily projected, recognized and contingencies put in place to manage them as they arise. Focus on adoption The biggest challenge this principle faces in information management is that the staff need to actively participate and if they don’t, the required information won’t be captured. Before a network is designed the necessity of it has to be thoroughly evaluated, that is, who are the users, are there appropriate applications available, are the services and data coordinated to ensure efficiency? With all this needs evaluated, when it comes to implementation, adoption is not a problem. Deliver tangible and visible benefits Before a network is designed, go als have to be set. Design testing has to be done before implementation. During testing, all the goals have to be met with sufficient results before implementation; this ensures that the network always delivers (Robertson, 2005). Prioritize according to business needs The need for priorities is always there, and it always determines which tasks will be done first. In a network, this eliminates the time wasted on tasks that will not bring efficiency first, so the most important and critical are performed first. Take a journey of a thousand steps Because it is almost impossible to account for every detail in any setting, in a network the principle will dictate that, the most optimal solution be used and the changes, that will occur, will be handled periodically. Provide strong leadership In any project, the capability of the project leader will always determine the success of that project. In networking, a lot of coordination is required between the different sections, and with strong leadership, the project runs smoother, and probability for errors, and failure is significantly reduced. Mitigate risks No matter how well planned a project may be, errors can always happen, for example, the failure of a server is always unseen. Good risk management always reduces the damage that is done when problems occur. For example, frequent backup, will reduce the amount of data lost during a server failure. Communicate extensively Good communication is always essential when many parties are involved. A network is composed

The Educational System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Educational System - Essay Example The employees as a result, are left to virtually fend for themselves. "General Rule: The State and its agencies, departments and political subdivisions are not liable for the tortuous conduct of their employees," (Evans p.3). The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is described as, "a United States federal law that governs how states and public agencies provide early intervention, special education, and related services to children with disabilities. It addresses the educational needs of children with disabilities from birth to the age of 21.[1] ," Adding that, "The IDEA is considered to be a civil rights law. However, states are not required to participate. As an incentive and to assist states in complying with its requirements, IDEA makes funds available to states that adopt at least the minimum policies and procedures specified in the IDEA regarding the education of children with disabilities. Since its inception, all states have chosen to participate. The IDEA was formerly known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act but has grown considerably since. IDEA became a federal standard by an act of Congressional adoption in 1975 but has been amended many times since. The IDEA was most r ecently amended in 2004, which was a significant update," ("Individuals" p.1). The following are brief examples of some of the litigation that has come from this law; Schaffer v. Weast: On November 14, 2005, the Supreme Court held in Schaffer v. Weast, 126 S.Ct. 528, that moving parties in a placement challenge hold the burden of persuasion. While this is an accord with the usual legal thinking, the moving party is almost always the parents of a child. Arlington v. Murphy: On June 26, 2006 the Supreme Court held in Arlington v. Murphy, 126 S.Ct. 2455, that prevailing parents may not recover expert witness fees as part of the costs under 20 U.S.C. 1415(i)(3)(B). ("Individuals" p.1). Such as with almost any other child, disciplinary action is a complex matter for any school official when it pertains to the students within their school system. For the discipline of a student that happens to have a disability, "Pursuant to IDEA, discipline of a child with a disability must take that disability into account. For example, if a child with Asperger syndrome is sensitive to loud noises, and if the child runs out of a room filled with loud noises, any discipline of that child for running out of the room must take into account the sensitivity and whether appropriate accommodations were in place. According to the United States Department of Education, for children with disabilities who have been suspended for 10 days total for each school year, including partial days, the local education agency (LEA) must hold a manifestation determination hearing within 10 school days of any decision to change the placement of a child with a

Globalization and the British East India Company Essay

Globalization and the British East India Company - Essay Example However, the historical origin of globalization has ever remained a subject of debate among the historians. In most cases or usage, globalization is the period that began in the 1970s, where some scholars consider that this period began longer than historians exactly locate, and it encompassed all the extra-nation activities. The history of globalization has little to do with the British East India Company. It is regarded that the most proponent of the historical origin of globalization lies with Andre Gunder Frank. He was an economist and was as well associated with the independent theory (Malik 22). According to Frank, globalization began with the rise of global trading links between the Indus valley Civilization and the Sumer back in the third millennium B.C. What was considered archaic globalization had its existence in the Hellenistic Age, the period that was marked with commercialized development of urban centers, which marked the axial of Greek culture whose influences reached Spain from India. Other cities that felt the impacts of the early globalization include Roman Empire, Han Dynasty, and Parthian empire. The increasing commercial trade links between these powers were experienced in the Silk Road. This road started in China then stretched out to the boundaries of Parthian Empire and later moved to Rome (Malik 49). From the archaic period, globalization move to another phase that was described by Islamic and Mongol eras. During this period, the Muslim and Jewish traders and explorers founded trade routes that led to agricultural globalization, trade, knowledge, and technology globalization. This period was marked with the introduction and wide spread of crops including cotton and sugar that were cultivated almost all over the Muslim world, while knowledge spread widely to the Hajj and Arabic world that led to the cosmopolitan culture (Malik 27). The Mongol empire though had a destabilizing effect to the commercial centers with the Middle East and chi na; it significantly influenced or facilitated movement along Silk Road (Malik 153). Pax Mongolica of the 13th century was marked with the introduction of the first international postal service, and the rapid transition and spread of epidemic diseases including bubonic plague that substantially affected Central Asia. The Mongol era played a vital part in the globalization up to the sixteenth century; however, the largest trade systems were limited to the Eurasia (Malik 56). The Maritime Europe later replaced the Mongol period. The Maritime Europe phase, which was also known as proto-globalization was defined by the rise in the Empire of the European Maritime that took place in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The era saw the rise in the first Spanish and Portuguese Empires and later the rising of the British and Dutch Empires (Malik 77). In the seventeenth century, globalization was highly developed, and greater globalization organization became chartered companies. For inst ance, in the year 1600, the British East India Company was founded as the first multinational corporation. Later in 1602, the Dutch India Company was established. The British India Company was founded after the treaty of union as an early English joint- stock company. This organization was primarily formed to pursue trade with the East Indies; however, it ended up trading within the Indian Subcontinent and sometimes stretched its trades to China. Therefore, it is

The Educational System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Educational System - Essay Example The employees as a result, are left to virtually fend for themselves. "General Rule: The State and its agencies, departments and political subdivisions are not liable for the tortuous conduct of their employees," (Evans p.3). The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is described as, "a United States federal law that governs how states and public agencies provide early intervention, special education, and related services to children with disabilities. It addresses the educational needs of children with disabilities from birth to the age of 21.[1] ," Adding that, "The IDEA is considered to be a civil rights law. However, states are not required to participate. As an incentive and to assist states in complying with its requirements, IDEA makes funds available to states that adopt at least the minimum policies and procedures specified in the IDEA regarding the education of children with disabilities. Since its inception, all states have chosen to participate. The IDEA was formerly known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act but has grown considerably since. IDEA became a federal standard by an act of Congressional adoption in 1975 but has been amended many times since. The IDEA was most r ecently amended in 2004, which was a significant update," ("Individuals" p.1). The following are brief examples of some of the litigation that has come from this law; Schaffer v. Weast: On November 14, 2005, the Supreme Court held in Schaffer v. Weast, 126 S.Ct. 528, that moving parties in a placement challenge hold the burden of persuasion. While this is an accord with the usual legal thinking, the moving party is almost always the parents of a child. Arlington v. Murphy: On June 26, 2006 the Supreme Court held in Arlington v. Murphy, 126 S.Ct. 2455, that prevailing parents may not recover expert witness fees as part of the costs under 20 U.S.C. 1415(i)(3)(B). ("Individuals" p.1). Such as with almost any other child, disciplinary action is a complex matter for any school official when it pertains to the students within their school system. For the discipline of a student that happens to have a disability, "Pursuant to IDEA, discipline of a child with a disability must take that disability into account. For example, if a child with Asperger syndrome is sensitive to loud noises, and if the child runs out of a room filled with loud noises, any discipline of that child for running out of the room must take into account the sensitivity and whether appropriate accommodations were in place. According to the United States Department of Education, for children with disabilities who have been suspended for 10 days total for each school year, including partial days, the local education agency (LEA) must hold a manifestation determination hearing within 10 school days of any decision to change the placement of a child with a

Marketing Approaches for Overcoming Increased Competition in the UK Assignment

Marketing Approaches for Overcoming Increased Competition in the UK Hotel Industry - Assignment Example However, in practice, problems are likely to appear when having to apply the market principles related to competition. The challenges set can be many, mostly related to the lack of effective marketing policies for ensuring the equal promotion of firms within each one of the market’s industries. At this point, the identification of the characteristics of the marketing environment is considered as critical in order to understand the needs of industries and organizations and to develop valid assumptions regarding the measures required for protecting competition. In accordance with Dibb and Simkin (2001) the marketing environment can be characterized as ‘those external trading forces that directly or indirectly influence and organization’s acquisitions of inputs and generation of outputs’ (Dibb and Simkin 2001, p.199). The marketing approaches appropriate for managing the increasing competition in a specific sector, the hotel industry, of the UK market, are rev iewed in this paper. Reference is made to the characteristics of the marketing environment, as described above, but also to the differentiation of competition, compared to the past, as mostly resulted by the high development of technology worldwide. The current status of the hotel industry in UK is also described aiming to show the ways in which marketing could help the industry’s firms to face competition, which seems to be continuously increased. It is made clear that marketing can highly support firms in the hotel industry against competition. However, it is necessary for the relevant plans to be designed and promoted using particular criteria, which are analytically presented below. 2. Hotel industry in UK 2.1 Characteristics and trends Hotel industry is one of the most important sectors of UK market. In accordance with Seaton and Bennett (1996) the strength of the industry can be related to its flexibility, meaning the availability of a wide range of rooms covering the n eeds of all visitors. It is also noted that ‘short – stay bookings’ (Seaton and Bennett 1996, p.315) which result to an important part of the industry’s profits, are carefully planned in hotels across UK ensuring that short-term visitors, which are most visitors in UK, are fully satisfied with the accommodation services provided across UK. In terms of marketing, reference should be made to the different approaches used by managers of hotels in UK in order to promote their enterprise. In this context, hotel groups are likely to emphasize on ‘brand through brochures’ (Seaton and Bennett 1996, p.315); on the other hand, ‘independent hoteliers tend to use price and market destination techniques’ (Seaton and Bennett 1996, p.315). The performance of the industry can be characterized as rather disappointing. In accordance with a recent report, in 2009, firms in the particular industry had ‘to freeze recruitment at a percentage of 2 5%’ (Prospects 2009); another 24% of firms in this industry have ‘cancelled their plans to employee new staff’ (Prospects 2009). The performance of the UK hotels from 2003 up to 2009 is presented in Graph 1, Appendix. Despite the market pressures, ‘106 new hotels (with a capacity of 11,800 rooms) opened in 2011’

Phoenix Rising Essay Example for Free

Phoenix Rising Essay The Young adult novel Phoenix Rising: or how to survive your life by Cynthia D. Grant is a candid sensitive story about the serious effects of seventeen-year-old Helen Castle’s death from cancer on her family. The story is told through the eyes of Jessie who has been traumatized by her older sister’s death. Jessie and the other members of her family begin a healing process, while Helen, whose world we see through Jessie comes to terms with a life that seems capricious and unjust to Jessie. She feels pain, anger, loneliness, confusion and withdrawal throughout the novel. The family is shattered. Its new dynamics are realistically revealed with the already strained relationship between Lucas, and the father that become explosive. Jessie reads on in the journal to learn Helen’s feelings as her cancer progresses, which ranges from morbid despair to soaring hope that is made more poignant to the readers reading along with her. The setting of the story is white, comfortably middle-class, California suburbia. The characters in Phoenix Rising are of average intelligence and are raised above being stereotypical characters by the pain, reflection, and eventual growth of Helen’s death forces upon them. They remain true to their backgrounds and natures throughout their trials and adjustments. It is the mark of Cynthia D. Grant’s talent that the reader never doubts they are reading this novel through believable teenage eyes. The central character of the novel is Jessie, and the one who is most dangerously affected by the older sister’s death. Jessie’s tendency is not only to idealize her sister making her feel worthless, and unattractive but she also feels that she has failed to reach Helen and talk to her about her illness making Jessie shut herself off from her father, mother, her friend Bambi, Helen’s boyfriend Bloomfield, and their next-door neighbor; little Sara Rose. Jessie not only stops eating toward the end of the novel, she also shuts herself off more ultimately refusing to leave her room. Jessie’s brother Lucas is the kind family philosopher. On the surface, however he plays a role of a rebellious youth whose love for loud rock music. He is an exceptionally good electric and acoustic guitarist and this puts him at odds with his father, whom he engages in arguments at the slightest opportunity. Jessie’s hard-working architect father seems fixated on his role as a family provider and Lucas as the antagonist. Jessie tells the reader â€Å"My father thinks he won’t cry as long as he keeps screaming. It is as if the father and the other members have been so traumatized by the Helen’s death that a kind of static role-playing is easier for them than facing their world and moving on with their lives. Jessie’s mother seems simply to have been bludgeoned into being a relatively passive person who can do little more than to keep up with the necessary household chores, to weep for her oldest daughter, Helen as well as the self destructive, Jessie and to drink several glasses of wine to dull her pain. Two more important characters round out the characters in this novel. One is Bloomfield, who is always called by his last name. He is Helen’s boyfriend and the other is Bambi. Bambi is both sister’s plump, loud mouthed, and mildly sex-crazed friend. Jessie reads further into the Helen’s journal and discovers Bloomfield is not the fair-weather friend she has criticized him as being. Similarly, she finds there is more to the tattooed, fake nailed Bambi than meets the eye. She is surprisingly admirable for her down-to-earth, her common sense ability to cut through the silliness that ordinarily surrounds her.

The Confederate Flag Essay -- Flag Argumentative Persuasive Paperes

The Confederate Flag On January 1992 the NAACP put in affect a boycott on South Carolina to pressure the state to remove the Confederate flag off of its Statehouse in Columbia. The boycott is what initially brought life to this issue. The NAACP’s removal request is based on the fact that they, the anti-flag groups, claim that the meaning of the Confederate flag is one of hate and discrimination. On the other hand, there are other groups that believe differently whom are called the pro-flag groups. They claim that the Confederate flag is a sign of heritage and should stay on South Carolina’s Statehouse. Anti-flag articles are more likely to be found published in well-known Liberal magazines, when credible pro-flag articles were hard to find. The main issue of the debate, which is a definition argument, includes one that argues the meaning of the Confederate flag and what it stands for, and from it many arguments stem that make up the intense debate about the Confederate flag. The Civil War being about slavery is one of the first things addressed in both types of articles. Within this argument, the pro-flag groups claim that many blacks fought for the Confederacy. Then the Confederate flag’s connection with racism is then argued. An anti-flag argument to prove that the Confederate flag is connected to slavery is that it was raised in response to the civil rights movement that was going on in 1961. Another anti-flag argument is that the Confederate flag does not represent the State as a whole and for that reason should not be flown on South Carolina’s Statehouse. An even amount of pathos and logos is used among the opposing groups, but the anti-flag articles tend to have more ethical appeal and fewer flaws in their a... ...ision by figuring out which side has the strongest one and therefore the more justified cause. Work Cited Eric Foner. â€Å"Rebel Yell.† The Nation. 270.6 (February 14, 2000): 4. James F. Barker. â€Å"Clemson History Offers Perspective for Flag Debate.† The State. December 3, 2000. Stuart Taylor Jr. â€Å"The Confederate Flag and the Cost of Pandering.† National Journal. 32.4 (January 22, 2000): 215. Walter E. Williams. No: â€Å"Critics of the flag are Counting on a General Ignorance of History to Make Their Case.† Symposium. March 14, 2001. http://www.insightmag.com/archive/200002064.shtml Quick, Steven. â€Å"Lynching Lee† The Opinions. 2/27/2001 Http://www.palmetto.org/noprint.htm Amy. â€Å"Even more on the confederate Flag vs. the â€Å"Xian† usage debates.† Parentsplace.com. February 02,2000 wysiwyg://4http://boards2.parentsplace.com/messages/get/ppcurrentdebates63/26.html

Determinism in Nella Larsen’s Quicksand Essay -- Nella Larsen Quicksan

Determinism in Nella Larsen’s Quicksand During the Harlem Renaissance, many literary works concentrated on celebrating African American heritage. However, many other writers also began concentrating on the darker theme of naturalism. Nella Larsen’s Quicksand illustrates many elements of this movement. These include a biological determinism, where man is conceived of as controlled by his primitive animal instincts and a sociological determinism, whereby the weak are destroyed and the strong survive in a world of struggle and chance. Helga Crane, Larsen’s protagonist in Quicksand, illustrates the elements of both biological and sociological determinism in her inability to suppress her natural animal instinct to flee uncomfortable situations, and to comfortably conform in either of her opposing communities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Helga cannot suppress her desire to flee from uncomfortable situations in any city that she lives in. In Naxos, she convinces herself that she is leaving a place that has â€Å"grown into a machine† (4). Although the conforming nature of the institution contributes to Helga’s desire to leave, she is also stirred with â€Å"an overpowering desire for action of some sort† (4). Instead of staying in Naxos and fighting a battle against the institute’s conservative attitudes, Helga chooses to flee an unpleasant reality. This exemplifies the â€Å"fight or flight† animal instinct that is said to control behavior in situations that become overwhelming. Instead of fighting, Helga time and time again chooses to leave what becomes unbearable to her. Once the decision is made to leave Naxos, Helga feels â€Å"like a person who had been for months fighting the devil and then unexpectedly had turned around and agreed to do his bidding† (5). Helga knows deep down that leaving Naxos is wrong, but the instinct to flee is so strong that she is powerless to deny it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In New York, Helga is also consumed by the animal instinct of flight. When Dr. Anderson calls on her after a chance meeting at a nightclub, Helga â€Å"had no intention of running away, but something, some imp of contumacy, drove her from his presence, though she longed to stay† (51). Once again, Helga succumbs to her overwhelming desire to leave an uncomfortable situation. Later she realizes with a â€Å"sense of helplessness and inevitability†¦that the weapon she had chosen had been a boomerang, for she herself had felt... ...at the advice she offers these women is looked upon with contempt. She begins to adapt to her life after Sary Jones advises her to â€Å"make de bes’ of et† but her efforts falter during her next pregnancy (125). Instead of making the best of her life, Helga hands over this responsibility to God which eventually leads to the same feeling of â€Å"dissatisfaction [and] asphyxiation that she felt in Naxos, New York and Copenhagen† (134). After all of her experiences, her inability to conform leads her right back to the same place she started from. It is obvious that Helga Crane will never truly be able to â€Å"fit in† in any society. It is apparent that Nella Larsen’s Quicksand is concerned with the naturalistic element of determinism. Helga Crane illustrates both a biological and sociological determinism in her animal instinct for â€Å"flight† and her inability to conform in any of her environments. Larsen’s ability to integrate these themes into the character of Helga proves that the Quicksand is not only representative of the Harlem Renaissance, but also of the naturalistic movement. Work Cited Larsen, Nella. Quicksand and Passing. Ed. Deborah E. McDowell. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1986.